| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2016 | Volume
: 11
| Issue : 3 | Page : 136-143 |
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Treatment outcomes from a multiethnic lupus cohort with proliferative nephritis
Angela Pakozdi1, Ravindra Rajakariar2, Michael Sheaff3, Debasish Pyne1
1 Department of Rheumatology, Mile End Hospital, London E1 4DG, United Kingdom
2 Department of Nephrology, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1BB, United Kingdom
3 Department of Histopathology, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1BB, United Kingdom
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Debasish Pyne
Department of Rheumatology, Mile End Hospital, Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG
United Kingdom
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0973-3698.187417
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Objective: To assess treatment responses and long-term outcomes in a multiethnic lupus cohort with proliferative lupus nephritis (LN) from a single United Kingdom (UK) center.
Methods: 86 lupus patients were diagnosed with active proliferative LN between 1995 and 2015 at Barts Health, a large inner city hospital in London, UK. They were grouped by ethnicity into South Asians (Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan), blacks (African Blacks and Afro-Caribbeans), and Caucasians. Remission rates were analyzed at 6 and 24 months after induction treatment with cyclophosphamide (CYC) or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). Prognostic factors for the treatment response were identified by regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to assess long-term renal survival and Cox proportional hazards model for risk factors for developing end-stage renal disease.
Results: MMF achieved a higher remission rate in blacks compared to CYC (70% vs. 16.7%, P = 0.005) at 6 months, showed a trend in Asians (77.8% vs. 38.9%, P = 0.057), and comparable response in Caucasians (42.9% vs. 55.6%, P = 0.614). Low baseline serum creatinine was the strongest predictor for favorable treatment response (odds ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.97-0.99, P = 0.045). Renal survival glomerular filtration rate (GFR >15 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) was 79.8% and 75.6% at 5 and 10 years, lowest in blacks (60.5%) followed by Asians (86.7%) then Caucasians (88.9%) (P = 0.030). Low GFR (GFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ) on presentation was an independent risk factor for poor 10 years renal survival (hazard ratio 32.55, 95% CI: 3.70-286.64, P = 0.002).
Conclusions: MMF appears to be at least as effective as CYC as an induction agent in this multiethnic cohort but there were important differences in long-term renal outcomes based on ethnic group and baseline GFR and creatinine. |
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